fix: security audit — patch vulnerabilities V-02 through V-16

- V-02: XSS via innerHTML in profile.js — wrap err.message in escapeHtml()
- V-03: IDOR upload to other users' folders — add folder ownership check
- V-04: IDOR create folders in other users' trees — add parent ownership check
- V-06: Content-Disposition header injection — RFC 5987 percent-encoding
- V-08: WebDAV MOVE/COPY destination without ownership — add assert_owner checks
- V-09: .gitignore missing cert/key patterns — add *.pem, *.key, *.p12, etc.
- V-11: Username accepts XSS payloads — restrict to [a-zA-Z0-9._-]
- V-12: Minimal email validation — reject forbidden chars, require domain dot
- V-13: admin_reset_password doesn't invalidate sessions — revoke all sessions
- V-14: Rate limiting bypassable via X-Forwarded-For — gate behind OXICLOUD_TRUST_PROXY_HEADERS
- V-15: Cookie Secure flag off by default — default to true (safe-by-default)
- V-16: LIKE wildcard injection in searches — add like_escape() helper across 9 sites

.gitignore

@@ -59,6 +59,14 @@ logs/
 # Storage data (user files, blobs — never commit)
 storage/
 
+# TLS certificates and private keys — NEVER commit
+*.pem
+*.key
+*.p12
+*.pfx
+*.crt
+*.csr
+
 # Temporary files
 *.tmp
 *.bak

src/application/services/auth_application_service.rs

@@ -731,7 +731,16 @@ impl AuthApplicationService {
             ));
         }
         let hash = self.password_hasher.hash_password(new_password).await?;
-        self.user_storage.change_password(user_id, &hash).await
+        self.user_storage.change_password(user_id, &hash).await?;
+
+        // Invalidate all existing sessions so the user must re-login
+        // with the new password.  Mirrors the behaviour of change_password().
+        self.session_storage
+            .revoke_all_user_sessions(user_id)
+            .await?;
+
+        tracing::info!(user_id = %user_id, "Admin reset password — all sessions revoked");
+        Ok(())
     }
 
     /// Get a single user by ID (for admin panel)

src/domain/entities/user.rs

@@ -58,15 +58,8 @@ impl User {
         storage_quota_bytes: i64,
     ) -> UserResult<Self> {
         // Validations
-        if username.is_empty() || username.len() < 3 || username.len() > 32 {
-            return Err(UserError::InvalidUsername(
-                "Username must be between 3 and 32 characters".to_string(),
-            ));
-        }
-
-        if !email.contains('@') || email.len() < 5 {
-            return Err(UserError::ValidationError("Invalid email".to_string()));
-        }
+        Self::validate_username(&username)?;
+        Self::validate_email(&email)?;
 
         if password_hash.is_empty() {
             return Err(UserError::InvalidPassword(
@@ -102,14 +95,8 @@ impl User {
         oidc_provider: String,
         oidc_subject: String,
     ) -> UserResult<Self> {
-        if username.is_empty() || username.len() < 3 || username.len() > 32 {
-            return Err(UserError::InvalidUsername(
-                "Username must be between 3 and 32 characters".to_string(),
-            ));
-        }
-        if !email.contains('@') || email.len() < 5 {
-            return Err(UserError::ValidationError("Invalid email".to_string()));
-        }
+        Self::validate_username(&username)?;
+        Self::validate_email(&email)?;
         let now = Utc::now();
         Ok(Self {
             id: Uuid::new_v4().to_string(),
@@ -283,4 +270,71 @@ impl User {
         self.active = true;
         self.updated_at = Utc::now();
     }
+
+    // ── Shared validation helpers ──────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// Usernames must be 3-32 chars and contain only ASCII alphanumerics,
+    /// hyphens, underscores, and dots.  This prevents XSS payloads like
+    /// `<img/src=x>` from being stored as usernames.
+    fn validate_username(username: &str) -> UserResult<()> {
+        if username.len() < 3 || username.len() > 32 {
+            return Err(UserError::InvalidUsername(
+                "Username must be between 3 and 32 characters".to_string(),
+            ));
+        }
+        if !username
+            .chars()
+            .all(|c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || c == '-' || c == '_' || c == '.')
+        {
+            return Err(UserError::InvalidUsername(
+                "Username may only contain letters, digits, hyphens, underscores, and dots"
+                    .to_string(),
+            ));
+        }
+        // Disallow leading/trailing dots or hyphens
+        if username.starts_with('.') || username.starts_with('-')
+            || username.ends_with('.') || username.ends_with('-')
+        {
+            return Err(UserError::InvalidUsername(
+                "Username must not start or end with a dot or hyphen".to_string(),
+            ));
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Basic but meaningful email validation:
+    /// - Must contain exactly one `@`
+    /// - Local part and domain must be non-empty
+    /// - Domain must contain at least one dot
+    /// - No angle brackets, spaces, or other characters used in XSS payloads
+    fn validate_email(email: &str) -> UserResult<()> {
+        let parts: Vec<&str> = email.splitn(2, '@').collect();
+        if parts.len() != 2 {
+            return Err(UserError::ValidationError("Invalid email: missing @".to_string()));
+        }
+        let (local, domain) = (parts[0], parts[1]);
+        if local.is_empty() || domain.is_empty() {
+            return Err(UserError::ValidationError(
+                "Invalid email: empty local part or domain".to_string(),
+            ));
+        }
+        if !domain.contains('.') {
+            return Err(UserError::ValidationError(
+                "Invalid email: domain must contain a dot".to_string(),
+            ));
+        }
+        // Reject characters commonly used in XSS / header injection
+        let forbidden = ['<', '>', '"', '\'', '\\', ' ', '\t', '\n', '\r', '(', ')', ',', ';'];
+        if email.chars().any(|c| forbidden.contains(&c)) {
+            return Err(UserError::ValidationError(
+                "Invalid email: contains forbidden characters".to_string(),
+            ));
+        }
+        if email.len() > 254 {
+            return Err(UserError::ValidationError(
+                "Invalid email: too long (max 254 characters)".to_string(),
+            ));
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }

src/infrastructure/repositories/pg/calendar_event_pg_repository.rs

@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ impl CalendarEventRepository for CalendarEventPgRepository {
         calendar_id: &Uuid,
         summary: &str,
     ) -> CalendarEventRepositoryResult<Vec<CalendarEvent>> {
-        let search_pattern = format!("%{}%", summary);
+        let search_pattern = super::like_escape(summary);
 
         let rows = sqlx::query(
             r#"

src/infrastructure/repositories/pg/contact_pg_repository.rs

@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ impl ContactRepository for ContactPgRepository {
     }
 
     async fn get_contacts_by_email(&self, email: &str) -> ContactRepositoryResult<Vec<Contact>> {
-        let search_pattern = format!("%{}%", email);
+        let search_pattern = super::like_escape(email);
 
         let rows = sqlx::query(
             r#"
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ impl ContactRepository for ContactPgRepository {
         address_book_id: &Uuid,
         query: &str,
     ) -> ContactRepositoryResult<Vec<Contact>> {
-        let search_pattern = format!("%{}%", query);
+        let search_pattern = super::like_escape(query);
 
         let rows = sqlx::query(
             r#"

src/infrastructure/repositories/pg/file_blob_read_repository.rs

@@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ impl FileReadPort for FileBlobReadRepository {
         if let Some(name) = &criteria.name_contains
             && name.len() >= 3
         {
-            query = query.bind(format!("%{}%", name));
+            query = query.bind(super::like_escape(name));
         }
         query = query.bind(limit).bind(offset);
 
@@ -895,7 +895,7 @@ impl FileReadPort for FileBlobReadRepository {
         if let Some(name) = &criteria.name_contains
             && name.len() >= 3
         {
-            query = query.bind(format!("%{}%", name));
+            query = query.bind(super::like_escape(name));
         }
         if let Some(types) = &criteria.file_types
             && !types.is_empty()
@@ -963,7 +963,7 @@ impl FileReadPort for FileBlobReadRepository {
         query: &str,
         limit: usize,
     ) -> Result<Vec<File>, DomainError> {
-        let pattern = format!("%{}%", query);
+        let pattern = super::like_escape(query);
         let limit_i64 = limit as i64;
 
         let rows: Vec<FileRow> = if let Some(fid) = folder_id {

src/infrastructure/repositories/pg/folder_db_repository.rs

@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ impl FolderRepository for FolderDbRepository {
                 } else {
                     " AND fo.name ILIKE $3"
                 },
-                Some(format!("%{}%", name)),
+                Some(super::like_escape(name)),
             ),
             _ => ("", None),
         };
@@ -861,7 +861,7 @@ impl FolderRepository for FolderDbRepository {
         user_id: &str,
     ) -> Result<Vec<Folder>, DomainError> {
         let (where_extra, name_pattern) = match name_contains {
-            Some(name) if name.len() >= 3 => (" AND fo.name ILIKE $3", Some(format!("%{}%", name))),
+            Some(name) if name.len() >= 3 => (" AND fo.name ILIKE $3", Some(super::like_escape(name))),
             _ => ("", None),
         };
 
@@ -908,7 +908,7 @@ impl FolderRepository for FolderDbRepository {
         query: &str,
         limit: usize,
     ) -> Result<Vec<Folder>, DomainError> {
-        let pattern = format!("%{}%", query);
+        let pattern = super::like_escape(query);
         let limit_i64 = limit as i64;
 
         let rows: Vec<FolderRow> = if let Some(pid) = parent_id {

src/infrastructure/repositories/pg/mod.rs

@@ -38,3 +38,16 @@ pub use settings_pg_repository::SettingsPgRepository;
 pub use share_pg_repository::SharePgRepository;
 pub use trash_db_repository::TrashDbRepository;
 pub use user_pg_repository::UserPgRepository;
+
+// ── SQL helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// Escape SQL `LIKE` / `ILIKE` wildcard characters (`%` and `_`) in user
+/// input and wrap the result in `%…%` for a contains-match.
+///
+/// Without this, a user searching for `100%` would match *every* row because
+/// `%` is a wildcard in LIKE patterns.
+#[inline]
+pub fn like_escape(raw: &str) -> String {
+    let escaped = raw.replace('\\', "\\\\").replace('%', "\\%").replace('_', "\\_");
+    format!("%{escaped}%")
+}

src/interfaces/api/cookie_auth.rs

@@ -26,16 +26,36 @@ pub const CSRF_COOKIE: &str = "oxicloud_csrf";
 pub const CSRF_HEADER: &str = "x-csrf-token";
 
 /// Whether the `Secure` flag should be set on cookies.
-/// Auto-detected from `OXICLOUD_BASE_URL` (if it starts with `https`)
-/// or overridden with `OXICLOUD_COOKIE_SECURE=true|false`.
+///
+/// Resolution order:
+/// 1. `OXICLOUD_COOKIE_SECURE=true|false` — explicit override.
+/// 2. `OXICLOUD_BASE_URL` starts with `https` → `true`.
+/// 3. **Default: `true`** (safe-by-default).  Set `OXICLOUD_COOKIE_SECURE=false`
+///    explicitly for plain-HTTP development environments.
 fn cookie_secure() -> bool {
     if let Ok(v) = std::env::var("OXICLOUD_COOKIE_SECURE") {
-        return v == "true" || v == "1";
+        let secure = v == "true" || v == "1";
+        if !secure {
+            tracing::warn!(
+                "OXICLOUD_COOKIE_SECURE is explicitly disabled — \
+                 cookies will be sent over plain HTTP. \
+                 Do NOT use this in production."
+            );
         }
-    // Auto-detect from base URL
-    std::env::var("OXICLOUD_BASE_URL")
+        return secure;
+    }
+    // Auto-detect from base URL, defaulting to secure when unset
+    let secure = std::env::var("OXICLOUD_BASE_URL")
         .map(|u| u.starts_with("https"))
-        .unwrap_or(false)
+        .unwrap_or(true);
+    if !secure {
+        tracing::warn!(
+            "OXICLOUD_BASE_URL does not start with https — \
+             cookie Secure flag is OFF. Set OXICLOUD_COOKIE_SECURE=true \
+             to override if your proxy terminates TLS."
+        );
+    }
+    secure
 }
 
 /// Build a `Set-Cookie` header value.

src/interfaces/api/handlers/file_handler.rs

@@ -102,6 +102,22 @@ impl FileHandler {
                     .unwrap_or("application/octet-stream")
                     .to_string();
 
+                // ── SECURITY: Verify folder ownership before upload (IDOR V-03 fix) ──
+                if let Some(ref fid) = folder_id {
+                    use crate::application::ports::inbound::FolderUseCase;
+                    let folder_service = &state.applications.folder_service;
+                    if folder_service.get_folder_owned(fid, &auth_user.id).await.is_err() {
+                        tracing::warn!(
+                            "⛔ UPLOAD REJECTED (IDOR): user='{}' attempted upload to folder '{}' owned by another user",
+                            auth_user.username,
+                            fid,
+                        );
+                        return Err(Self::domain_error_response(
+                            crate::common::errors::DomainError::not_found("Folder", fid),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                }
+
                 // ── Early quota check (before spooling to disk) ──────
                 if let Some(storage_svc) = state.storage_usage_service.as_ref() {
                     let estimated_size = field
@@ -707,20 +723,59 @@ impl FileHandler {
     // ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
 
     /// Build a Content-Disposition header value.
+    ///
+    /// Uses RFC 5987 `filename*=UTF-8''<percent-encoded>` to safely handle
+    /// filenames with quotes, non-ASCII characters, or other special chars.
+    /// A sanitised ASCII `filename=` fallback is included for legacy clients.
     fn content_disposition(name: &str, mime: &str, params: &HashMap<String, String>) -> String {
         let force_inline = params
             .get("inline")
             .is_some_and(|v| v == "true" || v == "1");
-        if force_inline
+        let disposition = if force_inline
             || mime.starts_with("image/")
             || mime == "application/pdf"
             || mime.starts_with("video/")
             || mime.starts_with("audio/")
         {
-            format!("inline; filename=\"{}\"", name)
+            "inline"
         } else {
-            format!("attachment; filename=\"{}\"", name)
-        }
+            "attachment"
+        };
+
+        // RFC 5987 percent-encode for filename* (attr-char safe set)
+        use percent_encoding::{AsciiSet, NON_ALPHANUMERIC, utf8_percent_encode};
+        // Characters that DON'T need encoding per RFC 5987 attr-char:
+        //   ALPHA / DIGIT / "!" / "#" / "$" / "&" / "+" / "-" / "." /
+        //   "^" / "_" / "`" / "|" / "~"
+        const RFC5987_SET: &AsciiSet = &NON_ALPHANUMERIC
+            .remove(b'!')
+            .remove(b'#')
+            .remove(b'$')
+            .remove(b'&')
+            .remove(b'+')
+            .remove(b'-')
+            .remove(b'.')
+            .remove(b'^')
+            .remove(b'_')
+            .remove(b'`')
+            .remove(b'|')
+            .remove(b'~');
+        let encoded = utf8_percent_encode(name, RFC5987_SET).to_string();
+
+        // ASCII fallback: strip anything outside printable ASCII and
+        // replace '"' and '\\' to prevent header injection.
+        let ascii_safe: String = name
+            .chars()
+            .filter(|c| c.is_ascii_graphic() || *c == ' ')
+            .map(|c| match c {
+                '"' | '\\' => '_',
+                _ => c,
+            })
+            .collect();
+
+        format!(
+            "{disposition}; filename=\"{ascii_safe}\"; filename*=UTF-8''{encoded}"
+        )
     }
 
     /// Build a 201 Created JSON response.

src/interfaces/api/handlers/folder_handler.rs

@@ -67,6 +67,19 @@ impl FolderHandler {
             }
         }
 
+        // ── SECURITY: Verify parent folder ownership (IDOR V-04 fix) ──
+        if let Some(ref parent_id) = dto.parent_id {
+            use crate::application::ports::inbound::FolderUseCase;
+            if service.get_folder_owned(parent_id, &auth_user.id).await.is_err() {
+                tracing::warn!(
+                    "create_folder: user '{}' attempted to create folder in parent '{}' owned by another user",
+                    auth_user.username,
+                    parent_id,
+                );
+                return AppError::not_found(format!("Parent folder not found: {}", parent_id)).into_response();
+            }
+        }
+
         match service.create_folder(dto).await {
             Ok(folder) => (StatusCode::CREATED, Json(folder)).into_response(),
             Err(err) => AppError::from(err).into_response()

src/interfaces/api/handlers/webdav_handler.rs

@@ -1160,7 +1160,11 @@ async fn handle_move(
                         None
                     } else {
                         match folder_service.get_folder_by_path(dest_parent_path).await {
-                            Ok(parent) => Some(parent.id),
+                            Ok(parent) => {
+                                // SECURITY: verify destination parent belongs to caller (V-08)
+                                assert_owner(parent.owner_id.as_deref(), &user.id, dest_parent_path)?;
+                                Some(parent.id)
+                            }
                             Err(_) => None,
                         }
                     },
@@ -1246,7 +1250,11 @@ async fn handle_move(
                     None
                 } else {
                     match folder_service.get_folder_by_path(dest_parent_path).await {
-                        Ok(parent) => Some(parent.id),
+                        Ok(parent) => {
+                            // SECURITY: verify destination parent belongs to caller (V-08)
+                            assert_owner(parent.owner_id.as_deref(), &user.id, dest_parent_path)?;
+                            Some(parent.id)
+                        }
                         Err(_) => None,
                     }
                 },
@@ -1417,7 +1425,11 @@ async fn handle_copy(
                     None
                 } else {
                     match folder_service.get_folder_by_path(dest_parent_path).await {
-                        Ok(parent) => Some(parent.id),
+                        Ok(parent) => {
+                            // SECURITY: verify destination parent belongs to caller (V-08)
+                            assert_owner(parent.owner_id.as_deref(), &user.id, dest_parent_path)?;
+                            Some(parent.id)
+                        }
                         Err(_) => None,
                     }
                 };
@@ -1461,7 +1473,11 @@ async fn handle_copy(
                     None
                 } else {
                     match folder_service.get_folder_by_path(dest_parent_path).await {
-                        Ok(parent) => Some(parent.id),
+                        Ok(parent) => {
+                            // SECURITY: verify destination parent belongs to caller (V-08)
+                            assert_owner(parent.owner_id.as_deref(), &user.id, dest_parent_path)?;
+                            Some(parent.id)
+                        }
                         Err(_) => None,
                     }
                 };
@@ -1501,7 +1517,11 @@ async fn handle_copy(
                 None
             } else {
                 match folder_service.get_folder_by_path(dest_parent_path).await {
-                    Ok(parent) => Some(parent.id),
+                    Ok(parent) => {
+                        // SECURITY: verify destination parent belongs to caller (V-08)
+                        assert_owner(parent.owner_id.as_deref(), &user.id, dest_parent_path)?;
+                        Some(parent.id)
+                    }
                     Err(_) => None,
                 }
             };
@@ -1552,7 +1572,11 @@ async fn handle_copy(
                 None
             } else {
                 match folder_service.get_folder_by_path(dest_parent_path).await {
-                    Ok(parent) => Some(parent.id),
+                    Ok(parent) => {
+                        // SECURITY: verify destination parent belongs to caller (V-08)
+                        assert_owner(parent.owner_id.as_deref(), &user.id, dest_parent_path)?;
+                        Some(parent.id)
+                    }
                     Err(_) => None,
                 }
             };

src/interfaces/middleware/rate_limit.rs

@@ -89,9 +89,19 @@ impl RateLimiter {
 // ─── Axum middleware factories ──────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 /// Extract the most-likely real client IP from headers / connection info.
+///
+/// Proxy headers (`X-Forwarded-For`, `X-Real-Ip`) are only trusted when
+/// `OXICLOUD_TRUST_PROXY_HEADERS=true` is set.  Without a trusted reverse
+/// proxy in front of the app, an attacker can spoof these headers to bypass
+/// rate limiting.
 pub fn extract_client_ip<B>(req: &Request<B>) -> String {
+    let trust_proxy = std::env::var("OXICLOUD_TRUST_PROXY_HEADERS")
+        .map(|v| v == "true" || v == "1")
+        .unwrap_or(false);
+
     let headers = req.headers();
 
+    if trust_proxy {
         // 1. X-Forwarded-For (first entry — closest to the client)
         if let Some(xff) = headers.get("x-forwarded-for").and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
             && let Some(first) = xff.split(',').next()
@@ -109,6 +119,7 @@ pub fn extract_client_ip<B>(req: &Request<B>) -> String {
                 return ip.to_string();
             }
         }
+    }
 
     // 3. TCP peer (ConnectInfo extension set by axum::serve)
     if let Some(addr) = req.extensions().get::<ConnectInfo<SocketAddr>>() {

static/js/views/profile/profile.js

@@ -122,10 +122,10 @@ async function changePassword(e) {
       document.getElementById('password-form').reset();
     } else {
       const err = await resp.json().catch(() => ({}));
-      statusEl.innerHTML = '<div class="alert alert-error"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-circle"></i> ' + (err.message || 'Failed to change password') + '</div>';
+      statusEl.innerHTML = '<div class="alert alert-error"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-circle"></i> ' + escapeHtml(err.message || 'Failed to change password') + '</div>';
     }
   } catch (err) {
-    statusEl.innerHTML = '<div class="alert alert-error"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-circle"></i> Network error: ' + err.message + '</div>';
+    statusEl.innerHTML = '<div class="alert alert-error"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-circle"></i> Network error: ' + escapeHtml(err.message) + '</div>';
   }
 
   btn.disabled = false;